高考英语二轮复习知识点：数词与连词

数词与连词

数词一般与其它知识综合起来考察，比如倍数的表达方法，多个形容词的排列顺序等。近几年语境综合化程度越来越高。

连词按其性质，分为并列连词和从属连词,考点分布在单项选择、完形填空和短文改错中。《英语教学大纲》和《考试大纲》语法项目表中对连词的考查是这样描述的:掌握词汇表中所列连词的用法，即要求考生分析句子成分，把握语境和逻辑关系，恰当选择合适连词，使句意通顺，逻辑清楚，连接代词或连接副词用于名词性从句,统称连接词。

考点一、特殊并列连词while/when

例1. I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _______ I heard the steps.

A. while

B. when

C. since

D. after

例2.I’d like to study law at university _______ my cousin prefers geography.

A. though

B. as

C. while

D. for

[解析]B、C。作并列连词时,when/while用法较为特殊,二者区别是:while表两相对照;而when表突然、在那时,常见于be about to do...when和hardly...when等句型中。

考点二、表示原因的连词for/because/as/since

例3.He found it increasingly difficult to read, _____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.

A. and

B. for

C. but

D. or

例4.Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, ______ this was a memory she especially treasured.

A. as

B. if

C. when

D. where

例5.Parents should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses ________ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather.

A. because

B. though

C. unless

D. if

例6._____ everybody knows about it, I don’t want to talk any more.

A. For

B. Even

C. Since

D. However

[解析]B、A、A、C。引导原因连词,as/because/ since/ for的区别是:because语势最强,用来说明人所未知的原因,回答why提出的问题,可置于强调句中且其前可加修饰语; since是双方都知晓原因或经过分析而得之的原因,语气次之;for是并列连词,前用逗号隔开,表逻辑推理或补充说明;as语气最弱,原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,即已知原因,所引导的分句可置于句首。

考点三、并列连词but/yet/though

例7. Excuse me for breaking in, ______ I have some news for you.

A. so

B. and

C. but

D. yet

[解析]C。but和yet 是连词,可等同使用,但也有区别。yet与and连用,构成and yet,但but却无此用法;在“Excuse me/I’m sorry/I hope you don’t mind…but”中,只用but,不用yet?因为在表示对照或对立时,but较为轻松自然;而yet却较为强烈,常出人意料;though作并列连词时,只能引导分句且其前须加逗号。例:I’ll try to come, though I don’t think I shall manage it.

考点四、引导名词性从句的从属连词that/whether/if

例8.The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.

A. when

B. why

C. whether

D. that

例9.We haven’t settled the question of _____ it is necessary for him to study abroad.

A. if

B. where

C. whether

D. that

[解析]D、C，引导名词性从句的从属连词that与whether的区别是:句子成分完整且表意确定时选用that连接,句意不确定时选用whether/if连接;借助it,将真正主语或宾语后置,构成“It…that”句型,但whether/if不可;下列情形用whether不用if:与or not 连用,中间无其他词隔开;作介词宾语;在主语从句?表语从句和同位语从句中。

考点五、表示比较的从属连词what/as

例10. Engines are to machines ______ hearts are to animals.

A. as

B. that

C. what

D. which

例11._____ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.

A. When

B. After

C. As

D. Since

例12.What a table! I’ve never seen such a thing before. It is ________ it is long.

A. half not as wide as

B. wide not as half as

C. not half as wide as

D. as wide as not half

[解析]C、C、C。what用作从属连词,表比较,用于A is to B what C is to D结构中;而as表示原级比较,常用于as...as结构中,程度修饰语应置于第一个as之前,嵌入的形容词或副词使用原级。另外as还表“正如,按照”,引导方式连词。

考点六、表示条件的从属连词if /unless/as long as/once

例13. ________ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.

A. Even thoughB. UnlessC. As long asD. While

例14.Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ____ they are not managed carefully.

A. though

B. before

C. until

D. if

例15.You will be successful in the interview ____ you have confidence.

A. before

B. once

C. until

D. though

例16.I won’t call you, _____ something unexpected happens.

A. unlessB. whether C. becauseD. while

[解析]C、D、B、A。表条件的连词if/unless/as long as/unless在用法上存在一些差异?as long as用法同only if/on condition that,强调某事的发生以另一事件的发生为前提;if为正面条件,可能会产生好的或坏的结果,若某种条件产生坏的结果,此时的if可用as long as替换; unless为反面条件,表示除非,如果不,故在真实条件句中常和if…not换用;once既表时间,又包含条件,译作一旦。

考点七、表示让步的从属连词although/when/while

例17. We had to wait half an hour _______ we had already booked a table.

A. since

B. although

C. until

D. before

例18.______I really don’t like art, I find his work impressive.

A. As

B. Since

C. If

D. While

【解析】B、D。although/when/while均可表示让步,后两者的用法较为特殊，although/though引导让步连词时不与but和yet连用;而while却表示“部分接受,但并非全部”,或用于“强调两种情况，活动等之间的差距”;when也可表示虽然,尽管,同even if,常置于句末。